Furnace



A ara-nr carica..

CHARLES MORRISON, F .MIDLAND, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO 'THE DOW CHEMICAAL COMPANY," 0F MIDLAND, MICHIGAN,l A lCORPORA'I'ION 0F MICHIGAN.

URNACE.

Applicationled October 11, 1919. Serial No.330,048.

. To all whom z'tm'ay concern.'

' a citizen of the United States,l and a resident.

Be it known that I, CHARLES N. MORRISON,

of Midland, county of Midland, and State of Michigan,have invented a new and-usefulk .Improvement in Furnaces, of which'the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein explained, and they best mode in which I'have contemplated applying that principle so as* todistinguish it L from other inventions.

The object of the present invention is the l provision ,of a *fur-nace wherein the distribution of heat throughout the heating chamber proper may be effectively regulated and controlled. Other advanta ous. ,elements are incorporated in the design which may be successfully utilized in furnaces intended for widely different uses, although such design is particularly adapted to a furnace for the destructive distillation of materials, such as alcohol, for example, in the generation of ethylene, or for cracking kerosene, etc. v

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and 'related ends, th invention, then, con- 'sists of the means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed 'out in the claims, the annexed .drawing andthe following descriptionl setting forth .1n detail certain mechanism embodying theinvention,

such disclosed means constituting, however, butseveral of various mechanical forms in which the principle ofthe invention may be used. 1

In said annexed drawing 1 is a plan view of one construction of furnace embodying mypresent inprovements ;F ig. 2 is a central vertical -section of the same taken on' the plane indicated by the line 2-2, Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an element of such furnace; Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectionof'a. modied vform of construction; Fig. 5is a vertical section o-fY such modified form, the plane of the section being indicatedby the line 545, Fig. 4; and Fig. 6 is a transverse section taken' on the plane indicated by the line (S4-6, Fig. 4, the part of the furnace here shown being substantially identical-in the two types illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, and 4 and 5, 4respectively. n l

rlhe principal differencebetween the two is in the form of the container or chamber to be treated, passed. Thus through j which the material where liquid in character, is in the case of the construction rectangular metal box l provided on its lupper yface with one or more inlet connec-l .side wall being broken away in F ig. 3 the jbetter to show such material. Thevlatter may be simply of inertl character suiiiciently broken' or fragmentary to thoroughly distribute the liquid entering through connections 2, or such material may be of a catalytic character, depending upon the particu` laroperation in which the .furnace 'is being employed.

As shown in Figs. l and '2, a plurality of such containers l are mounted in laterally spaced relation in the heating cha'mber 5 of the furnace. A pit 6 is prcferabl provided below such chamber 5 so as to ren er possible access t'o the containers from below without necessarily removing the same. T espaces between adjacent containers are, f course sealed olf above, so as top-.entirely 'enclose the sidesof the heating chamber'.l

The-combustion chamber 7 will take on various fdims, depending upon the kind of fuel used, the one illustrated being designed for either gaseous or hydrocarbon fuel which will be supplied by means of a suitable burner. (not shown) projecting through an opening 8 in the further end wall of 'the chamber. Resting on the floor of chamber 7 directly in front of such opening 8 is a de- `flector 9 for securing the full effect of the ings aligned with each of the spaces between the several containers 1. Beyond the containers the heating chamber 5 is divided into several areas of uniform size by thin .separating webs 12, the relation of which is perhaps best shown in Fig. 6 in connection with the modified construction of Figs. 4 and 5. Leading fromthe center of each such shown in Figs. y A l and 2, this container is in the form of a flat lao area or zone is a separate exit flue i3 that connects with a common stack lll, the eliect of the Webs being to confine and at the same time equalize the drait through the Arespective tlues. In addition to a bathe plate l5 in such stack, each such tiue 13 is provided 'f with an independent damper 1,6 whereby it the irst described construction.

Will be seen that the dralt may be accurately controlled through each ,ot the zones defined by the Wallsl 1'2 at the farther end ot' the heating chamber.

At the same time, 10 and checkerwork character of wall 11, an equf-.ble distribution of heat, both crosswise and vertically, may be secured in the heating chamber, thus insuring uniform res-aults not only in each of the containers l, but through- 'out each individual container.

tion. Likewise it will be observed that the` portion of the hea-ting chamber lying -bcvyond the ducts 21 is, divided into several arcas or zones by separating partitions or Webs 26, just as in the `first Adescribed construction, each such area having its separate flue 27 whereby it is connected with a common stack28.

It will be understood that in either type ot' construction successive series of containers, whether of the box-like form of Figs l and Q, or of the simple pipe form of Figs, 4 ande ma Y be frouaed in several Htl heating chambers, each under separate heat control, so that the material, such as alcohol or kerosene, to be treated may be circulated successively from one set ot such containers to the next, approaching gradually the hot-v test heatingl chamber. It will also be understood that in place ol". containers for a liquid to be destrnctivcly distilled or cracked, the space in the heating chamber may be occupied by any suitable article requiring to be heat-treated. The equable distribution of heat secured throughout such chamber will be just as 4:nglvantageous in .heat-treating metal parts or for various other uses,y vas for heating routainers ot' .the character hereinbeforeY referred to. y

As shown in Fig. the pipes 21 may have chain 30 dependingr therein in order to break up the stream of liquid passing therethrough.

@ther modes of applying the principle of l my invention may be employed instead of by means of 4the baille riflessi the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the 'following claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

I therefore particularly `point out and distinctly claim as my invention z l. In a. furnace for destructive distillation, the combination of a con'ibustion chainber; a heating chamber leading therefrom; a plurality of Vcontainers in said heating chamber through which vthe material to be treated is passed, said containers being .disposed in parallel relation relatively to the liow of heating gases; a stack; and. a plurality of )flues connecting the farther end ot said heating chamber with said stack, said p flues leading from points in such end spaced in each of two transverse directions. i

2. In a ffurnace for destructive distillation, the combination of a combustion chamber; a heating chamber leading therefrom; a plurality of containers in said heating chamber through which the material to be treated is passed, said containers being disposed in parallel relation relatively to the flow of heating gases; a stack; a plurality oit lues conecting the farther end of. said heating chamber with said stack, said fines being likewise in parallel rela-tion and leading from points in such end spaced in each ot` two transverse directions; and independent dampers for said lues., 3. In a furnace for ber; a heating chamber leadingthererom;

a plurality of containers in` said heating chamber through which the material to be treated is passed, said containers being disposed in parallel relation relatively tothe flow of heating gases; a checkerwork Wall interposed-between said chambers; astack; a. plurality of lues connecting the farther end of said heating chamber with said stack, said fines being likewise in parallel relation and leading from points in suchend spaced in each of two transverse directions; and independent dampers for said flues.

4. In a furnace for destructive distillation,the combination of a combustion chamber; a heating chamber leading horizontaily thereform; a checker-work wall interposed between said chambers; a plurality of containers in sai-d heating chamber through which the material to be treated is passed, said containers to be aligned with the openings in said Wall; a delector on the ioor of said furnace chamber; a -batlie depending from the root' of saidfurnaice ch amber` between said detlector and said Wall.; a stack; and a plurality of fiues connecting said heating chamber with said stack.

5. In a furnace for destructive distillation the combination of a combustion chamber; a heating chamber leading horizontally destructive distilla tion, the combination of a combustion chamizo thereform; a ehecker-'workwall interposed between said chambers; webs dividing up the end of said heating chamber opposite said wall into approximately. equal spaces vor areas; a stack; and a plurality offlues l independently connecting said' areas with Said stack.. A l

6. In a furna for destructive distillation, the combination of a combustion chamber; a, heating chamber leading horizontally thereform.; a checker-Work Wall interposed j between said chambers; websfdividing up stack; and a plurality-of elongated rectangular box-like liquid containers, with ex-` terior inlet and outlet connections disposed horizontally of said heating clianilier.

Signed vby me,v this 8th day of October, 1919.

CHARLES, N. MORRISON. l 

